The main purpose of this legislation is to expand the coverage of lung cancer screening tests under the Medicare program. It aims to improve early detection of lung cancer by allowing for additional screening tests that have been approved or cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Key provisions of the legislation include the authorization for the Secretary of Health and Human Services to cover new lung cancer screening tests as preventive services. This means that, in addition to existing tests, Medicare can now include other FDA-approved screening methods.