The main purpose of this legislative text is to increase the financial incentive for pharmaceutical companies to develop treatments for rare diseases. This is achieved by restoring and enhancing the orphan drug tax credit, which is a tax benefit designed to encourage the development of drugs that treat conditions affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. Key provisions of this legislation include a change to the orphan drug tax credit, specifically increasing the credit from 25 percent to 50 percent of the costs incurred in developing orphan drugs.