The main purpose of this legislation is to investigate and report on the health effects of noise and pollution caused by air traffic. It aims to provide a clearer understanding of how these environmental factors impact public health, which can inform future policies and regulations. Key provisions of the legislation require the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to collaborate with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Within 30 days of the law being enacted, the FAA must facilitate the formation of a committee of experts in health and environmental science.