The main purpose of this legislation is to enhance safety for pedestrians and cyclists on U.S. highways. It aims to improve the Highway Safety Improvement Program by introducing new provisions that specifically address the needs of vulnerable road users, such as cyclists and pedestrians. Key provisions of the legislation include the addition of new types of projects that can be funded under the Highway Safety Improvement Program. These projects include connecting existing bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure and implementing strategies to reduce safety risks for these vulnerable users.