The main purpose of this legislation, known as the Housing Vouchers Fairness Act, is to provide financial support for rental assistance in areas of the United States that have experienced significant population growth. The bill aims to address the increasing demand for affordable housing in these high-growth regions by allocating $2 billion for rental vouchers. Key provisions of the legislation include the authorization of $2 billion to be used each year to provide additional rental vouchers to eligible public housing agencies.