This legislation establishes a framework for evaluating the privileges and immunities granted to the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices in the United States, contingent upon Hong Kong's level of autonomy from China. The core aim is to ensure that U.S. interactions with these offices do not inadvertently support the Hong Kong or Chinese governments in undermining the rights and freedoms of Hong Kong's citizens. Key provisions require the Secretary of State to conduct an assessment of the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices within 30 days of the law's enactment and annually thereafter.