The main purpose of this legislation is to enhance border security and combat drug smuggling along the U.S. coastline by evaluating the use of drones. It aims to assess how effectively drones can be deployed to monitor and secure these areas, particularly against maritime or low-altitude drug trafficking. Key provisions of the legislation require the Secretary of Homeland Security to conduct a thorough assessment within 180 days of the law being enacted. This assessment must evaluate the effectiveness and risks associated with using drones for border security and drug interdiction.