The purpose of this legislation is to protect the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska by repealing a previous program that allowed for oil and gas exploration in the area. The bill aims to preserve the coastal plain of the refuge as wilderness, recognizing its unique ecosystems and ensuring its protection for future generations. Key provisions of the legislation include the repeal of the oil and gas program established under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. This means that any plans to conduct oil and gas drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge will be halted.