The main purpose of this legislation is to make changes to the Medicare program, specifically regarding penalties for late enrollment in Medicare Part B. The goal is to reduce the financial burden on individuals who enroll late and to clarify the rules surrounding enrollment periods. One of the key provisions of this legislation is that it limits the penalty for late enrollment in Medicare Part B to 15 percent of the monthly premium. This penalty will only apply for a period that is twice the number of months the individual was not enrolled.