The purpose of this legislation is to restrict immigration benefits and protections for individuals who have lived in Palestinian-administered territories, specifically Judea and Samaria or Gaza. It aims to prevent these individuals from receiving certain forms of legal status or protections in the United States, which the sponsors of the bill associate with concerns about security and potential ties to groups like Hamas. Key provisions of the legislation include the nullification of a previous presidential memorandum that allowed for deferred enforced departure for certain Palestinians.