The purpose of this legislation is to impose sanctions on the Polisario Front, a separatist group seeking independence for Western Sahara from Morocco. The bill aims to address concerns about the group's ties to terrorism and foreign support, particularly from Iran and other organizations known for their extremist activities. Key provisions of the legislation include requirements for the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury to assess and report on the Polisario Front's activities, leadership, and foreign connections within a specified timeframe.