The Primacy Certainty Act of 2025 is designed to enhance the approval process for state underground injection control programs, particularly for Class VI wells used for carbon dioxide geological storage. The Act aims to create a more efficient and transparent timeline for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to respond to state applications, ultimately facilitating carbon capture and storage initiatives. One of the key provisions of the Act is the establishment of a 180-day deadline for the EPA to make decisions on state applications.