The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act is designed to support the human rights and cultural identity of Southern Mongolians living in China. It aims to address the ongoing human rights abuses faced by this ethnic group, safeguard their cultural heritage, and ensure they receive the autonomy promised to them under Chinese law. The Act includes several key provisions that commit the United States to advocate for the fundamental rights of Southern Mongolians, such as freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, and religious beliefs.