The purpose of this legislation is to honor and support civilian workers who contributed to the United States' atomic and nuclear weapons programs. It establishes a commemorative service medal for these individuals and creates a compensation program for those who suffered health issues due to their work. Key provisions include the creation of the Atomic Civilians Commemorative Service Medal, which will be awarded to eligible current and former civilian employees and contractors who participated in atomic weapon detonations, cleanup efforts, or were exposed to radiation during World War II.