The main purpose of this legislation, known as the U.S. Farmworker Protection Act, is to safeguard American workers by imposing annual limits on the H-2A temporary worker program. This program allows agricultural employers to hire foreign workers for seasonal or temporary jobs. The bill aims to address concerns that the rapid growth of the H-2A program is displacing U.S. farmworkers and negatively impacting their wages and working conditions. Key provisions of the legislation include a cap on the number of H-2A positions that can be certified in a fiscal year.