The main purpose of this legislation is to change the rules regarding who can receive benefits from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. Specifically, it aims to limit access to these benefits for non-citizens, referred to as "aliens" in the text. Key provisions of the legislation include a significant change to the eligibility criteria for TANF. The law states that most non-citizens will no longer be able to receive these benefits. However, there are exceptions for certain groups of qualified aliens, including specific nationalities like Cubans.