The purpose of the HARVEST Act is to enhance the ability of 1890 Institutions, which are historically Black colleges and universities with agricultural programs, to provide education and technical support related to the transfer of agricultural land and assets. This is particularly focused on helping the next generation of farmers and ranchers, especially concerning the issue of heirs property, which often complicates land ownership and transfer. The key provision of the HARVEST Act requires the Secretary of Agriculture to conduct a study by September 30, 2026.