The purpose of this legislation is to update the federal laws regarding the implementation of death sentences in the United States. It aims to clarify the methods of execution and establish protocols for carrying out these sentences. Key provisions of the legislation include allowing death sentences to be executed by either lethal injection or hanging. It requires the United States Marshals Service, in collaboration with the Attorney General and qualified medical and correctional officials, to create written protocols for these methods within 180 days of the law's enactment.