The main purpose of this legislation, known as the Public Oversight of Water and Energy Reporting Act or the POWER Act, is to ensure that the use of electric energy and water by certain data centers is monitored and reported to Congress. The goal is to protect the nation's water resources and farmland while ensuring that the federal government is not providing financial support to data centers that are not sustainable. Key provisions of the Act require the Secretary of Energy to submit a report to Congress within two years of the law being enacted, and then annually thereafter.