The main purpose of this legislation is to enhance accountability within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) regarding serious injuries and deaths of individuals in its custody. It aims to ensure that Congress is promptly informed about such incidents and that thorough investigations are conducted to understand the circumstances surrounding them. Key provisions of the legislation require the Secretary of Homeland Security to notify Congress within 72 hours of any serious bodily injury or death that occurs while an individual is in DHS custody or due to actions taken by DHS personnel.