The purpose of this legislation is to conduct a special study of Fort Pillow Historic State Park in Henning, Tennessee. The goal is to evaluate the historical significance of the site and to explore the possibility of designating it as a National Historic Park. This designation would recognize the park's importance in American history, particularly related to the Civil War and the experiences of United States Colored Troops. Key provisions of the legislation include a mandate for the Secretary of the Interior to carry out a special resource study of Fort Pillow Historic State Park.