The purpose of this legislation, known as the Bank Failure Accountability Act, is to hold senior employees of large financial institutions accountable for their actions by deferring part of their compensation. This deferred compensation would be used to pay any civil or criminal fines imposed on the institution or its subsidiaries, as well as to protect depositors in the event of a bank failure. Key provisions of the Act require large financial institutions to create a fund where a portion of senior employees' compensation is set aside.