The purpose of this legislation, known as the Extreme Temperatures Injustice in Prisons Act of 2026, is to improve how federal correctional facilities respond to and prepare for extreme temperature conditions. This includes ensuring the health and safety of incarcerated individuals and staff by addressing issues related to heat and cold in these facilities. Key provisions of the law require the Director of the Bureau of Prisons to install or update heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in all federal correctional facilities within five years.