The main purpose of the New England Coastal Protection Act is to protect the coastal environment of New England by prohibiting oil and gas leasing in the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) off the coast of several states in the region. This legislation aims to safeguard marine ecosystems, preserve local fisheries, and maintain the natural beauty of the coastline, which is important for tourism and recreation. Key provisions of the Act include a clear prohibition on the issuance of leases for oil and gas exploration, development, or production in specific areas of the Outer Continental Shelf.