The main purpose of the Sturgeon Conservation and Sustainability Act is to update the Endangered Species Act of 1973 to allow for specific activities involving sturgeon that are kept in captivity or controlled environments. This legislation aims to facilitate the management and conservation of sturgeon species while ensuring that they can be farmed and bred without the same restrictions that apply to wild sturgeon. Key provisions of the Act include the exemption of certain regulations for sturgeon that are legally held in captivity or controlled environments.