The main purpose of this legislation is to create a grant program that supports law enforcement agencies in managing sudden increases in the number of people who have recently entered the United States. This program aims to help these agencies effectively respond to the challenges that arise from such situations. Key provisions of the law include the establishment of a grant program administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Eligible entities for these grants include state, tribal, territorial, and local law enforcement agencies, as well as emergency operations centers.