The main purpose of this legislation is to enhance research on the effects of microplastics in biosolids that are applied to farmland. It aims to address concerns about how these tiny plastic particles, which are less than 5 millimeters in size, may impact agriculture and soil health. The legislation seeks to make this research a high priority within the existing framework of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990. Key provisions of the legislation include the establishment of research and extension grants specifically focused on microplastics in land-applied biosolids.