The main purpose of this legislation, known as the "Safeguarding U.S. Rulemaking Act," is to restrict public comments on government rulemaking to only U.S. citizens and entities. This is aimed at preventing foreign adversaries from influencing U.S. regulatory processes. Key provisions of the Act include amendments to existing laws that govern public comments on rulemaking. Specifically, it modifies the rules to explicitly state that foreign governments and individuals designated as foreign adversaries cannot participate in the public comment process.