The main purpose of this legislation, known as the "Put American Students First Act," is to prevent individuals who are not legally residing in the United States from receiving in-state tuition rates at public colleges and universities. The goal is to ensure that only U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents benefit from lower tuition rates, which are typically available to state residents. Key provisions of the law include a clear prohibition on offering in-state tuition rates to individuals who are not lawfully admitted for permanent residence.