The main purpose of this legislation is to enhance transparency in the pricing and payment structures within the prescription drug supply chain. It aims to require a thorough study by the Comptroller General of the United States to better understand how compensation related to drug prices is structured and how it affects the overall cost of prescription medications. Key provisions of the legislation include a mandate for the Comptroller General to conduct a comprehensive study on various aspects of price-related compensation and payment structures in the prescription drug supply chain.