The main purpose of this legislation is to strengthen the penalties for the importation of unauthorized electronic nicotine delivery systems, commonly known as vapes. It aims to address the growing concern over the illegal entry of these products, particularly those that may not comply with U.S. safety and health regulations. Key provisions of the law include a tiered penalty system based on the severity of the violation. If someone fraudulently imports an unauthorized vape, they could face a penalty of up to $5,000 for each unit.