The main purpose of this legislation, known as the Public Lands Integrity Act, is to protect federal lands from being sold, disposed of, or transferred through budgetary processes. It aims to ensure that any provisions related to these actions are deemed extraneous under the Byrd Rule, which governs what can be included in budget reconciliation bills. This change is intended to safeguard public lands from being altered or removed from federal ownership without thorough scrutiny and debate. Key provisions of the act include an amendment to the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.