The main purpose of this legislation, known as the Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act, is to remove certain restrictions that currently hinder the effective administration of firearms laws in the United States. The bill aims to enhance the ability of law enforcement and researchers to access important data related to gun sales and ownership, which can help in preventing gun violence and illegal trafficking. Key provisions of the bill include the repeal of the Tiahrt Amendments, which impose limitations on the collection and retention of data related to firearms.