The Fairness for Small-Scale Farmers and Ranchers Act of 2026 aims to tackle market concentration and competition issues in the food and agriculture industry, specifically protecting small-scale farmers and ranchers from the adverse effects of large agribusinesses. The legislation promotes fair practices and seeks to enhance the economic viability of family farms. Key provisions include a moratorium on large mergers within agribusiness, food manufacturing, and grocery retail, alongside a review of past mergers to evaluate their competitive impacts.