The main purpose of this legislation is to prohibit the slaughter of horses and other equines for human consumption in the United States. It aims to protect these animals from being killed for food, reflecting a growing concern for their welfare and the ethical implications of consuming horse meat. The key provisions of the legislation include an amendment to an existing law, the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018. This amendment expands the definition of animals protected under the law to include equines, alongside dogs and cats.